Folk tales from Tibet, How He Defeated the Enemy., sentence 4
Now as it happened, the Boy was in reality a very bad rider, and did not at all fancy the idea of riding about on a spirited horse, but for very shame he could not refuse the King’s gift.
Who acts: it, Boy, idea, King · What happens: happen, be, not do, fancy, ride, not refuse · To what, where: reality, idea, gift
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, How He Defeated the Enemy.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, Boy, idea, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 happened | advmod |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 happened | mark |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 happened | nsubj |
| 4 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 reality | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Boy | det |
| 7 | Boy | Boy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 reality | nsubj |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 reality | cop |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 reality | case |
| 10 | reality | reality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 happened | obl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 rider | det |
| 12 | very | very | ADV | _ | 13 bad | advmod |
| 13 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 rider | amod |
| 14 | rider | rider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 reality | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 did | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 did | cc |
| 17 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 happened | conj |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 did | advmod |
| 19 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 21 fancy | mark |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 fancy | advmod |
| 21 | fancy | fancy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 did | advcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 idea | det |
| 23 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 fancy | obj |
| 24 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 25 riding | mark |
| 25 | riding | ride | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 idea | acl |
| 26 | about | about | ADV | _ | 25 riding | advmod |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 horse | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 horse | det |
| 29 | spirited | spirited | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 horse | amod |
| 30 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 riding | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 refuse | punct |
| 32 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 39 refuse | cc |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 shame | case |
| 34 | very | very | ADV | _ | 35 shame | advmod |
| 35 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 refuse | obl |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 refuse | nsubj |
| 37 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 refuse | aux |
| 38 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 refuse | advmod |
| 39 | refuse | refuse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 happened | conj |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 King | det |
| 41 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 gift | nmod:poss |
| 42 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 41 King | case |
| 43 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 refuse | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | it | now | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | past | the Boy | reality | a bad rider appos | tree rules | |||
| 3 | not do | past | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | fancy | present | the idea | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer idea=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | ride | gerund | the idea not said here | on a spirited horse; about property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | not refuse | could | Boy | the King's gift | for shame | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Theme | |||
| 7 | gift | the King | nom gift «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/25/4/