Folk tales from Tibet, How He Defeated the Enemy., sentence 7
The noise of the trumpet frightened the horse, which, after giving one or two preliminary plunges, dashed off down the hill at full gallop straight towards the enemy’s camp.
Who acts: noise, trumpet · What happens: frighten, give, dash off, noise · To what, where: horse, one preliminary plunges, camp
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, How He Defeated the Enemy.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (noise, trumpet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 noise | det |
| 2 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 frightened | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 trumpet | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 trumpet | det |
| 5 | trumpet | trumpet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 noise | nmod |
| 6 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 horse | det |
| 8 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 frightened | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 which | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 horse | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 which | punct |
| 12 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 13 giving | mark |
| 13 | giving | give | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 which | advcl |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 plunges | nummod |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 two | cc |
| 16 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 one | conj |
| 17 | preliminary | preliminary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 plunges | amod |
| 18 | plunges | plunge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 giving | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 dashed | punct |
| 20 | dashed | dash | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 plunges | acl |
| 21 | off | off | ADP | _ | 20 dashed | compound:prt |
| 22 | down | down | ADP | _ | 24 hill | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 hill | det |
| 24 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 dashed | obl |
| 25 | at | at | ADP | _ | 27 gallop | case |
| 26 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 gallop | amod |
| 27 | gallop | gallop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 hill | nmod |
| 28 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 33 camp | advmod |
| 29 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 33 camp | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 enemy | det |
| 31 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 camp | nmod:poss |
| 32 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 31 enemy | case |
| 33 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 dashed | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 frightened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | frighten | past | the noise of the trumpet | the horse | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus horse=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | give | gerund | the noise of the trumpet not said here | one preliminary plunges | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plunge=Theme | ||||
| 3 | dash off | participle | one preliminary plunges not said here | the enemy's camp | down the hill at full gallop | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards camp=Destination | |||
| 4 | noise | the trumpet | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/25/7/