Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of Good Faith., sentence 85
“Dear me,” replied the Hare, “this is a very strange story, and before giving an opinion on so momentous a matter it is necessary that I should understand exactly how it all happened.
Who acts: me, this, momentous, I, it · What happens: reply, be, give, understand, happen · To what, where: strange story, opinion · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of Good Faith.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (me, this, momentous, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 replied | punct |
| 2 | Dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 me | amod |
| 3 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 replied | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 me | punct |
| 5 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 me | punct |
| 6 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Hare | det |
| 8 | Hare | Hare | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 replied | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 story | punct |
| 10 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 story | punct |
| 11 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 story | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 story | cop |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 story | det |
| 14 | very | very | ADV | _ | 15 strange | advmod |
| 15 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 story | amod |
| 16 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Hare | appos |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 giving | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 giving | cc |
| 19 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 20 giving | mark |
| 20 | giving | give | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 replied | advcl |
| 21 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 opinion | det |
| 22 | opinion | opinion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 giving | obj |
| 23 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 30 necessary | mark |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 30 necessary | advmod |
| 25 | momentous | momentous | X | Foreign=Yes | 30 necessary | nsubj |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 matter | det |
| 27 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 necessary | nsubj |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 necessary | expl |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 necessary | cop |
| 30 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 giving | advcl |
| 31 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 understand | mark |
| 32 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 understand | nsubj |
| 33 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 understand | aux |
| 34 | understand | understand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 necessary | advcl |
| 35 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 36 how | advmod |
| 36 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 39 happened | advmod |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 happened | nsubj |
| 38 | all | all | ADV | _ | 39 happened | advmod |
| 39 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 understand | ccomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | me | the Hare nsubj | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | this | a strange story | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | give in a quote | gerund | me not said here | a opinion | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opinion=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | momentous | a matter nsubj; necessary property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | understand in a quote | should | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | happen in a quote | past | it | all property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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