Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Two Neighbours., sentence 14
“Well, this is not a very valuable present, but still it shows how grateful even a little bird can be for a kindness done to him; and any way I will plant the grain in my garden as it directed.”
Who acts: this, present, valuable present, way, grain · What happens: not be, show, be, do, plant, direct · To what, where: valuable present, kindness, pair, grain, garden
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Two Neighbours.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, present, valuable present, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 present | punct |
| 2 | Well | well | INTJ | _ | 10 present | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Well | punct |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 present | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 present | cop |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 present | advmod |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 present | det |
| 8 | very | very | ADV | _ | 9 valuable | advmod |
| 9 | valuable | valuable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 present | amod |
| 10 | present | present | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 kindness | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 shows | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 shows | cc |
| 13 | still | still | ADV | _ | 15 shows | advmod |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 shows | nsubj |
| 15 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 present | conj |
| 16 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 grateful | advmod |
| 17 | grateful | grateful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 shows | xcomp |
| 18 | even | even | ADV | _ | 21 bird | advmod |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 bird | det |
| 20 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 bird | amod |
| 21 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 grateful | obl |
| 22 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 kindness | aux |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 kindness | cop |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 kindness | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 kindness | det |
| 26 | kindness | kindness | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 27 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 kindness | acl |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 him | case |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 done | obl |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 plant | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 plant | cc |
| 32 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 33 way | det |
| 33 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 plant | nsubj |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 plant | nsubj |
| 35 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 plant | aux |
| 36 | plant | plant | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 kindness | parataxis |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 grain | det |
| 38 | grain | grain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 plant | obj |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 garden | case |
| 40 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 garden | nmod:poss |
| 41 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 plant | obl |
| 42 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 44 directed | mark |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 directed | nsubj |
| 44 | directed | direct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 plant | advcl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 kindness | punct |
| 46 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 kindness | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is a in a quote | present | this | a valuable present | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | show in a quote | present | present | still | grateful property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | is in a quote | can | a valuable present | for a kindness | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | do in a quote | participle | a kindness not said here | pair | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | plant in a quote | future | any way | the grain | my garden | I nsubj | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent grain=Theme in garden=Destination | ||
| 6 | direct in a quote | past | grain | vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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