Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Tea-house Story, sentence 17
One of them must have spoken to you from the Imperial heavens.
What happens: speak · To what, where: One, you, Imperial heavens · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Tea-house Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 spoken | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 3 them | case |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 One | nmod |
| 4 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 spoken | aux |
| 5 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 spoken | aux |
| 6 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 you | case |
| 8 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 spoken | obl |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 heavens | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 heavens | det |
| 11 | Imperial | imperial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 heavens | amod |
| 12 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 spoken | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 spoken | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | must · perfect · passive | One of gods | you | the Imperial heavens | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/10/17/