Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Tea-house Story, sentence 26
The next day he presented it to the Emperor as his own “mean effort,” and humbly begged for pardon that he could do no better for his great and mighty sovereign.
Who acts: One · What happens: present, beg, do · To what, where: perusal, Emperor
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Tea-house Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 day | det |
| 2 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 day | amod |
| 3 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 presented | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 presented | nsubj |
| 5 | presented | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 presented | obj |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 Emperor | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Emperor | det |
| 9 | Emperor | Emperor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 presented | obl |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 15 effort | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 effort | nmod:poss |
| 12 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 effort | amod |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 effort | punct |
| 14 | mean | mean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 effort | amod |
| 15 | effort | effort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 presented | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 effort | punct |
| 17 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 effort | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 begged | cc |
| 19 | humbly | humbly | ADV | _ | 20 begged | advmod |
| 20 | begged | beg | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 presented | conj |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 pardon | case |
| 22 | pardon | pardon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 begged | obl |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 do | mark |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 do | nsubj |
| 25 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 do | aux |
| 26 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 begged | advcl |
| 27 | no | no | ADV | _ | 28 better | advmod |
| 28 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 26 do | advmod |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 34 sovereign | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 sovereign | nmod:poss |
| 31 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 sovereign | amod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 mighty | cc |
| 33 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 great | conj |
| 34 | sovereign | sovereign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 do | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 presented | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | present | past | One | perusal | the Emperor | day | as One's own mean effort | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to emperor=Recipient | |
| 2 | beg speech: request | participle | One not said here | for pardon; humbly property | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V PP.Topic»: agent=Agent for pardon=Topic | ||||
| 3 | do | could | One | for One's great sovereign | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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