Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Tea-house Story, sentence 32
Chi Hsiao Tang presented himself at the hall on the opening day, but was refused a place among the aspirants for degrees, the only reason given being that an order barring all of his surname had been issued by the powerful minister and judge, Yen Sung.
Who acts: Chi, powerful minister, order · What happens: present, refuse, give, bar, issue · To what, where: Chi, hall, place, all, order
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Tea-house Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chi, powerful minister, order), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chi | Chi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 presented | nsubj |
| 2 | Hsiao | Hsiao | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Chi | flat |
| 3 | Tang | Tang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Chi | flat |
| 4 | presented | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 4 presented | obj |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 hall | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 hall | det |
| 8 | hall | hall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 presented | obl |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 day | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 day | det |
| 11 | opening | opening | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 day | amod |
| 12 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 presented | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 refused | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 refused | cc |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 refused | aux:pass |
| 16 | refused | refuse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 presented | conj |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 place | det |
| 18 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 refused | obj |
| 19 | among | among | ADP | _ | 21 aspirants | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 aspirants | det |
| 21 | aspirants | aspirant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 refused | obl |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 degrees | case |
| 23 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 aspirants | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 reason | punct |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 reason | det |
| 26 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 reason | amod |
| 27 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 aspirants | conj |
| 28 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 issued | advcl |
| 29 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 40 issued | aux:pass |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 40 issued | mark |
| 31 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 order | det |
| 32 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 issued | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | barring | bar | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 order | acl |
| 34 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 barring | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 surname | case |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 surname | nmod:poss |
| 37 | surname | surname | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 all | nmod |
| 38 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 issued | aux |
| 39 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 40 issued | aux:pass |
| 40 | issued | issue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 reason | acl:relcl |
| 41 | by | by | ADP | _ | 44 minister | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 minister | det |
| 43 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 minister | amod |
| 44 | minister | minister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 issued | obl |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 judge | cc |
| 46 | judge | judge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 minister | conj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 Yen | punct |
| 48 | Yen | Yen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 minister | appos |
| 49 | Sung | Sung | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 Yen | flat |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 presented | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | present | past | Chi | Chi | the hall | day | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme | ||
| 2 | refuse | past · passive | Chi not said here | a place | among the aspirants for degrees and the only reason | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: place=Theme | |||
| 3 | give | participle | the powerful minister and judge not said here | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | bar | gerund | a order not said here | all of Chi's surname | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer all=Theme | ||||
| 5 | issue | gerund · perfect · passive | the powerful minister and judge | a order | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/10/32/