Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Tea-house Story, sentence 67
Why do I sit every night, hour after hour, with my tongue pressed against the roof of my mouth, my hands and feet crossed, trying not to be conscious of any bodily sensation.
Who acts: I, hands · What happens: sit, press, cross, try, not be · To what, where: tongue
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Tea-house Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, hands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 sit | advmod |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 sit | aux |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 sit | nsubj |
| 4 | sit | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 night | det |
| 6 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sit | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 hour | punct |
| 8 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 night | conj |
| 9 | after | after | ADP | _ | 10 hour | case |
| 10 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sit | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 tongue | punct |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 tongue | case |
| 13 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 14 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sit | obl |
| 15 | pressed | press | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 tongue | acl |
| 16 | against | against | ADP | _ | 18 roof | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 roof | det |
| 18 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 pressed | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 mouth | case |
| 20 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 21 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 roof | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 hands | punct |
| 23 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 hands | nmod:poss |
| 24 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 crossed | nsubj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 feet | cc |
| 26 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 hands | conj |
| 27 | crossed | cross | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 sit | advcl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 trying | punct |
| 29 | trying | try | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 sit | advcl |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 conscious | advmod |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 conscious | mark |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 conscious | cop |
| 33 | conscious | conscious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 trying | xcomp |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 sensation | case |
| 35 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 37 sensation | det |
| 36 | bodily | bodily | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 sensation | amod |
| 37 | sensation | sensation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 conscious | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sit | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | present · do-support | I | hour; night | with my tongue | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | press | participle | my tongue not said here | against the roof of my mouth | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent against roof=Theme | ||||
| 3 | cross | participle | my hands and feet | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | try | gerund | I not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | not is not said to happen | to-infinitive | I not said here | of any bodily sensation; conscious property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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