Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Tea-house Story, sentence 99
Far in the distance on a high mountain-top he saw what appeared to be a man.
Who acts: teacher · What happens: see, appear, be · To what, where: high mountain top, man · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Tea-house Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 distance | advmod |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 distance | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 distance | det |
| 4 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 top | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 top | det |
| 7 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 top | amod |
| 8 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 top | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 mountain | punct |
| 10 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 distance | nmod |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 saw | nsubj |
| 12 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 top | acl:relcl |
| 13 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 14 appeared | nsubj |
| 14 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 saw | ccomp |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 man | mark |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 man | cop |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 man | det |
| 18 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 appeared | xcomp |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 distance | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | teacher | a high mountain top not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | appear | past | what nsubj | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | a man | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/10/99/