Gleanings from Chinese folklore, The Jade Treasure, sentence 27
It is indeed from the gods, and only the gods should wear it,” exclaimed the Emperor, as he held it in his hand.
Who acts: stone, gods, Emperor · What happens: be, wear, exclaim, hold · To what, where: stone, Emperor, hand
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, The Jade Treasure. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stone, gods, Emperor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 gods | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 gods | cop |
| 3 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 6 gods | advmod |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 gods | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 gods | det |
| 6 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 exclaimed | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 wear | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 wear | cc |
| 9 | only | only | ADV | _ | 11 gods | advmod |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 gods | det |
| 11 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 wear | nsubj |
| 12 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 wear | aux |
| 13 | wear | wear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 gods | parataxis |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 wear | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 wear | punct |
| 16 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 wear | punct |
| 17 | exclaimed | exclaim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Emperor | det |
| 19 | Emperor | Emperor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 exclaimed | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 held | punct |
| 21 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 23 held | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 held | nsubj |
| 23 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 exclaimed | conj |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 held | obj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 hand | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 hand | nmod:poss |
| 27 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 held | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 exclaimed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | stone | from the gods; indeed property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | wear | should | the gods | stone | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 3 | exclaim speech: express in a quote | past | the gods | the Emperor | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent emperor=Topic | ||||
| 4 | hold in a quote | past | Emperor | stone | Emperor's hand | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in hand=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/11/27/