Gleanings from Chinese folklore, The Jade Treasure, sentence 30
At last, when the Chou dynasty was going into a decline and the Chin was coming into power, the Prince of Chin sent to the Prince of Chou and promised him twelve cities in exchange for the jade treasure.
Who acts: Chou dynasty, Chin · What happens: go, come, send, promise · To what, where: decline, power, Prince, last, twelve cities, Chin
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, The Jade Treasure. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chou dynasty, Chin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 sent | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 going | punct |
| 4 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 going | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dynasty | det |
| 6 | Chou | Chou | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 dynasty | compound |
| 7 | dynasty | dynasty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 going | nsubj |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 going | aux |
| 9 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 last | parataxis |
| 10 | into | into | ADP | _ | 12 decline | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 decline | det |
| 12 | decline | decline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 going | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 coming | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Chin | det |
| 15 | Chin | Chin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 coming | nsubj |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 coming | aux |
| 17 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 decline | conj |
| 18 | into | into | ADP | _ | 19 power | case |
| 19 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 coming | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Prince | punct |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Prince | det |
| 22 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 decline | appos |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 Chin | case |
| 24 | Chin | Chin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Prince | nmod |
| 25 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 Prince | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Prince | det |
| 28 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 sent | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 Chou | case |
| 30 | Chou | Chou | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Prince | nmod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 promised | cc |
| 32 | promised | promise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 sent | conj |
| 33 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 promised | iobj |
| 34 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 35 cities | nummod |
| 35 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 promised | obj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 exchange | case |
| 37 | exchange | exchange | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 promised | obl |
| 38 | for | for | ADP | _ | 41 treasure | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 treasure | det |
| 40 | jade | jade | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 treasure | amod |
| 41 | treasure | treasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 exchange | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past · progressive | the Chou dynasty | a decline | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into decline=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | come | past · progressive | the Chin | power | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into power=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | send | past | the Prince of Chou | last | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to prince=Destination | ||||
| 4 | promise speech: promise | past | twelve cities | Chin | exchange for the jade treasure | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent he=Goal city=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/11/30/