Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Literary Glory, sentence 42

Again the mother-in-law said, “When I saw how she endured the hardships, always so strong and true, I knew it must be her religion, for I too have been a daughter-in-law.

Who acts: mother, law · What happens: say, see, endure, know, be · To what, where: hardships, religion · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Literary Glory. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother, law), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Again	again	ADV	_	8 said	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 mother	det
3	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 said	nsubj
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 law	punct
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 law	case
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 in	punct
7	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mother	nmod
8	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 saw	punct
10	“	"	PUNCT	_	13 saw	punct
11	When	when	ADV	PronType=Int	13 saw	advmod
12	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 saw	nsubj
13	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 said	ccomp
14	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	16 endured	advmod
15	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 endured	nsubj
16	endured	endure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 saw	conj
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 hardships	det
18	hardships	hardship	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 endured	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 strong	punct
20	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	22 strong	advmod
21	so	so	ADV	_	22 strong	advmod
22	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 hardships	amod
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 true	cc
24	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 strong	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 knew	punct
26	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 knew	nsubj
27	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 said	conj
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 religion	nsubj
29	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	32 religion	aux
30	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	32 religion	cop
31	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 religion	nmod:poss
32	religion	religion	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 knew	ccomp
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 law	punct
34	for	for	ADP	_	44 law	case
35	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	44 law	nsubj
36	too	too	ADV	_	44 law	advmod
37	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	44 law	aux
38	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	44 law	cop
39	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	44 law	det
40	daughter	daughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 law	nsubj
41	-	-	PUNCT	_	44 law	punct
42	in	in	ADP	_	44 law	case
43	-	-	PUNCT	_	42 in	punct
44	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 knew	obl
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the mother in law		again		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	see in a quote	past	the mother in law = mother				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	endure in a quote	past	mother	the hardships			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hardship=Circumstance
4	know in a quote	past	the mother in law = mother				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
5	is a in a quote	must	law	mother's religion		mother nmod:poss	tree rules
6	is in a quote	present · perfect	the mother in law = mother			for a law; daughter nsubj	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/13/42/

🌲 Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Literary Glory, sentence 42

The tree

Pragmatics

Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Literary Glory, sentence 42