Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Daughter of the Present, sentence 17
Little Jade and her family knew it would do no good to appeal to the magistrate, as such raids were frequent, and nothing was done to prevent or punish; and all the family but the little daughter made up their minds that nothing could be done, and they must await whatever the gods had in store for them.
Who acts: Little Jade, family, such raids, little daughter, minds, raids · What happens: know, do, appeal, be, prevent, punish · To what, where: good, nothing, minds, whatever, store · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Daughter of the Present. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Little Jade, family, such raids, little daughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 Jade | amod |
| 2 | Jade | Jade | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 knew | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 family | cc |
| 4 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 family | nmod:poss |
| 5 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Jade | conj |
| 6 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 do | nsubj |
| 8 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 do | aux |
| 9 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 knew | ccomp |
| 10 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 11 good | det |
| 11 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 do | obj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 appeal | mark |
| 13 | appeal | appeal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 good | xcomp |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 magistrate | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 magistrate | det |
| 16 | magistrate | magistrate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 appeal | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 frequent | punct |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 22 frequent | mark |
| 19 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 raids | amod |
| 20 | raids | raid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 frequent | nsubj |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 frequent | cop |
| 22 | frequent | frequent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 appeal | parataxis |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 done | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 done | cc |
| 25 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 27 done | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 done | aux:pass |
| 27 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 frequent | conj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 prevent | mark |
| 29 | prevent | prevent | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 done | advcl |
| 30 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 31 punish | cc |
| 31 | punish | punish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 prevent | conj |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 family | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 family | cc |
| 34 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 36 family | det:predet |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 family | det |
| 36 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 knew | parataxis |
| 37 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 40 daughter | cc |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 daughter | det |
| 39 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 daughter | amod |
| 40 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 family | conj |
| 41 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 daughter | acl |
| 42 | up | up | ADP | _ | 41 made | compound:prt |
| 43 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 minds | nmod:poss |
| 44 | minds | mind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 made | obj |
| 45 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 49 done | mark |
| 46 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 49 done | nsubj:pass |
| 47 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 49 done | aux |
| 48 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 49 done | aux:pass |
| 49 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 44 minds | acl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 await | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 await | cc |
| 52 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 await | nsubj |
| 53 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 54 await | aux |
| 54 | await | await | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 49 done | advcl |
| 55 | whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 58 had | obj |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 gods | det |
| 57 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 58 had | nsubj |
| 58 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 await | ccomp |
| 59 | in | in | ADP | _ | 60 store | case |
| 60 | store | store | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 had | obl |
| 61 | for | for | ADP | _ | 62 them | case |
| 62 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 store | nmod |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | Little Jade and Jade's family | all family but the little daughter parataxis | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | do | would | family | no good | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | appeal | to-infinitive | family not said here | to the magistrate | vn appeal-31.4-2 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to magistrate=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | is | past | such raids | frequent property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | do | past · passive | nothing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | prevent | to-infinitive | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer | ||||||
| 7 | punish | infinitive | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 8 | make up | participle | the little daughter not said here | raids's minds | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mind=Pivot | ||||
| 9 | do | could · passive | raids's minds not said here | nothing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 10 | await | must | raids = raid | tree rules | |||||
| 11 | have | past | the gods | whatever | store for raids | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whatever=Patient | |||
| 12 | mind | raids = raid | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/15/17/