Gleanings from Chinese folklore, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics, sentence 104
With a jump he was in Heaven; to his petition the great God said, “There is no rain for Thibet for three years.”
Who acts: Sun, great God, rain · What happens: be, say, petition · To what, where: Heaven, petition · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, great God, rain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 jump | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 jump | det |
| 3 | jump | jump | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 said | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 Heaven | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 Heaven | cop |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Heaven | case |
| 7 | Heaven | Heaven | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 jump | nmod |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 petition | punct |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 petition | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 petition | nmod:poss |
| 11 | petition | petition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 said | obl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 God | det |
| 13 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 God | amod |
| 14 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 said | nsubj |
| 15 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 is | punct |
| 17 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 is | punct |
| 18 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 19 is | expl |
| 19 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 said | ccomp |
| 20 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 21 rain | det |
| 21 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 is | nsubj |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 Thibet | case |
| 23 | Thibet | Thibet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 rain | nmod |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 years | case |
| 25 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 years | nummod |
| 26 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 rain | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 is | punct |
| 28 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 is | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Sun | Heaven | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the great God | Sun's petition | with a jump | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to petition=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 3 | be in a quote | present | no rain for Thibet for three years | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | petition | Sun | nom petition «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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