Gleanings from Chinese folklore, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics, sentence 47
He said, “You call up a great cold wind, bring snow and ice and freeze over the river, then when they get half-way over the river, you call your friends to help you and put your strength together and cause the ice to give way and precipitate them all into the river.”
Who acts: king, You, snow, ice · What happens: say, call up, bring, freeze, get, call · To what, where: great cold wind, snow, river, half way, friends, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, You, snow, ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 call | punct |
| 4 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 call | punct |
| 5 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 call | nsubj |
| 6 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 said | ccomp |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 call | compound:prt |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 wind | det |
| 9 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 wind | amod |
| 10 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 wind | amod |
| 11 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 call | xcomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 bring | punct |
| 13 | bring | bring | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 call | advcl |
| 14 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 bring | obj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 ice | cc |
| 16 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 snow | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 freeze | cc |
| 18 | freeze | freeze | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 bring | conj |
| 19 | over | over | ADP | _ | 21 river | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 river | det |
| 21 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 freeze | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 get | punct |
| 23 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 26 get | advmod |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 26 get | advmod |
| 25 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 get | nsubj |
| 26 | get | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 said | ccomp |
| 27 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 29 way | compound |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 half | punct |
| 29 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 get | obj |
| 30 | over | over | ADP | _ | 32 river | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 river | det |
| 32 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 get | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 call | punct |
| 34 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 35 call | nsubj |
| 35 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 get | conj |
| 36 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 friends | nmod:poss |
| 37 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 call | obj |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 help | mark |
| 39 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 call | advcl |
| 40 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 help | obj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 put | cc |
| 42 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 help | conj |
| 43 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 strength | nmod:poss |
| 44 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 put | obj |
| 45 | together | together | ADV | _ | 42 put | advmod |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 cause | cc |
| 47 | cause | cause | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 help | conj |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 ice | det |
| 49 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 cause | obj |
| 50 | to | to | PART | _ | 51 give | mark |
| 51 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 47 cause | xcomp |
| 52 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 give | obj |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 precipitate | cc |
| 54 | precipitate | precipitate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 51 give | conj |
| 55 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 precipitate | obj |
| 56 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 55 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 57 | into | into | ADP | _ | 59 river | case |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 river | det |
| 59 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 precipitate | obl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
| 61 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | call up speech: assert in a quote | present | You | a great cold wind | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | bring in a quote | infinitive | You not said here | snow and ice | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent snow=Theme | ||||
| 4 | freeze in a quote | infinitive | You not said here | the river | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | get in a quote | present | snow | half way | the river | then | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus | ||
| 6 | call in a quote | present | you | your friends | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | help in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | you | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary | ||||
| 8 | put in a quote | infinitive | you not said here | your strength | together property | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent strength=Goal | |||
| 9 | cause in a quote | infinitive | you not said here | the ice | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | give in a quote | to-infinitive | the ice not said here | way | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme | ||||
| 11 | precipitate in a quote | infinitive | the ice not said here | friends = friend | the river | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/16/47/