Gleanings from Chinese folklore, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics, sentence 79
Now, Sun Hou saw the look and so changed himself into a bird, flew up over the monk, and seeing the worm, flew down and in picking it up saw that it was the “Minister Sheep,” to whom he said, “If this is the trick I will show you what I can do,” and changed himself into a centipede, and crawled upon Minister Fox.
Who acts: Sun, seeing, worm, this, trick · What happens: see, change, fly up, fly down, pick up, be · To what, where: look, Sun, worm, Minister Sheep, trick, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, seeing, worm, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 saw | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Now | punct |
| 3 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | Hou | Hou | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Sun | flat |
| 5 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 look | det |
| 7 | look | look | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 saw | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 changed | cc |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 changed | advmod |
| 10 | changed | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 saw | conj |
| 11 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 10 changed | obj |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 14 bird | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 bird | det |
| 14 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 changed | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 flew | punct |
| 16 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 saw | conj |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 flew | compound:prt |
| 18 | over | over | ADP | _ | 20 monk | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 monk | det |
| 20 | monk | monk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 flew | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 flew | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 flew | cc |
| 23 | seeing | see | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 27 flew | csubj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 worm | det |
| 25 | worm | worm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 seeing | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 seeing | punct |
| 27 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 saw | parataxis |
| 28 | down | down | ADV | _ | 27 flew | advmod |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 saw | cc |
| 30 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 31 picking | mark |
| 31 | picking | pick | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 34 saw | advcl |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 picking | obj |
| 33 | up | up | ADP | _ | 31 picking | compound:prt |
| 34 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 flew | conj |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 41 Sheep | mark |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 Sheep | nsubj |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 Sheep | cop |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 Sheep | det |
| 39 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 41 Sheep | punct |
| 40 | Minister | minister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 Sheep | compound |
| 41 | Sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 saw | ccomp |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 Sheep | punct |
| 43 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 41 Sheep | punct |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 45 whom | case |
| 45 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 47 said | obj |
| 46 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 said | nsubj |
| 47 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 Sheep | conj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 show | punct |
| 49 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 57 show | punct |
| 50 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 54 trick | mark |
| 51 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 54 trick | nsubj |
| 52 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 54 trick | cop |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 trick | det |
| 54 | trick | trick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 show | nsubj |
| 55 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 57 show | nsubj |
| 56 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 57 show | aux |
| 57 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 47 said | ccomp |
| 58 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 57 show | iobj |
| 59 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 62 do | obj |
| 60 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 62 do | nsubj |
| 61 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 62 do | aux |
| 62 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 57 show | ccomp |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 show | punct |
| 64 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 57 show | punct |
| 65 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 66 changed | cc |
| 66 | changed | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 said | conj |
| 67 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 66 changed | obj |
| 68 | into | into | ADP | _ | 70 centipede | case |
| 69 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 70 centipede | det |
| 70 | centipede | centipede | NOUN | Number=Sing | 66 changed | obl |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 crawled | punct |
| 72 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 73 crawled | cc |
| 73 | crawled | crawl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 said | conj |
| 74 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 76 Fox | case |
| 75 | Minister | Minister | PROPN | Number=Sing | 76 Fox | compound |
| 76 | Fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 crawled | obl |
| 77 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Sun | the look | now | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer look=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | change | past | Sun not said here | Sun | into a bird result | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent himself=Patient into bird=Result | |||
| 3 | fly up | past | Sun not said here | over the monk | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over monk=Location | ||||
| 4 | see | gerund | the worm | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer worm=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | fly down | past | seeing | down property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | pick up | gerund | worm | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | |||||
| 7 | see | past | seeing not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | is a in a quote | past | worm | the Minister Sheep | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | say speech: assert | past | Sun | the Minister Sheep | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | is a a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | this | the trick | tree rules | ||||
| 11 | show in a quote | future | the trick | you | I nsubj | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 12 | do in a quote | can | Sun | what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 13 | change | past | Sun not said here | trick | into a centipede result | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent himself=Patient into centipede=Result | |||
| 14 | crawl | past | Sun not said here | upon Minister Fox | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon fox=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/16/79/