Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 1, sentence 67
The loud voices had awakened him, and when the women met him, telling of the fright of their lady, he picked up a stick and, entering the court, demanded how he had dared enter there.
Who acts: women, husband · What happens: awaken, meet, tell, pick up, enter, demand · To what, where: loud voices, husband, stick, court, enter, lady · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (women, husband), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 voices | det |
| 2 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 voices | amod |
| 3 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 awakened | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 awakened | aux |
| 5 | awakened | awaken | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 awakened | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 picked | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 picked | cc |
| 9 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 12 met | mark |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 women | det |
| 11 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 met | nsubj |
| 12 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 picked | advcl |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 met | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 telling | punct |
| 15 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 met | advcl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 fright | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 fright | det |
| 18 | fright | fright | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 telling | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 lady | case |
| 20 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 lady | nmod:poss |
| 21 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 fright | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 met | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 picked | nsubj |
| 24 | picked | pick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 awakened | parataxis |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 24 picked | compound:prt |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 stick | det |
| 27 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 picked | obj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 entering | cc |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 entering | punct |
| 30 | entering | enter | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 picked | conj |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 court | det |
| 32 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 entering | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 demanded | punct |
| 34 | demanded | demand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 picked | conj |
| 35 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 38 dared | advmod |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 dared | nsubj |
| 37 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 dared | aux |
| 38 | dared | dare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 34 demanded | ccomp |
| 39 | enter | enter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 dared | obj |
| 40 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 38 dared | advmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 awakened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | awaken | past · perfect · passive | the loud voices | husband obj | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | meet | past | the women | husband | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | gerund | the women not said here | of the fright of voices's lady | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | pick up | past | husband | a stick | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stick=Topic | ||||
| 5 | enter | gerund | husband not said here | the court | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme court=Destination | ||||
| 6 | demand speech: request | past | husband not said here | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition | |||||
| 7 | dare | past · perfect | husband | enter | there | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enter=Recipient | |||
| 8 | fright | voices's lady | nom fright «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/17/67/