Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 2, sentence 121
Mr. Tu was angry then and also afraid, and striking the boy with his riding-whip, he said, as he threw him some silver, “Get you gone, you are an impostor; you are not my son, but because you are a poor boy I will help you a little and not put you in prison.”
Who acts: Tu, you, poor boy · What happens: be, strike, say, throw, get, not be · To what, where: boy, silver, you, impostor, son, poor boy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tu, you, poor boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mr. | Mr. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Tu | nmod:desc |
| 2 | Tu | Tu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 angry | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 angry | cop |
| 4 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 angry | advmod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 afraid | cc |
| 7 | also | also | ADV | _ | 8 afraid | advmod |
| 8 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 angry | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 said | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 said | cc |
| 11 | striking | strike | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 said | advcl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 boy | det |
| 13 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 striking | obj |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 whip | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 whip | nmod:poss |
| 16 | riding | riding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 whip | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 riding | punct |
| 18 | whip | whip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 striking | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 striking | punct |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 said | nsubj |
| 21 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 angry | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 threw | punct |
| 23 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 25 threw | mark |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 threw | nsubj |
| 25 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 said | conj |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 threw | obj |
| 27 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 28 silver | det |
| 28 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 threw | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Get | punct |
| 30 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 Get | punct |
| 31 | Get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 threw | advcl |
| 32 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 31 Get | obj |
| 33 | gone | gone | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 Get | xcomp |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 impostor | punct |
| 35 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 impostor | nsubj |
| 36 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 impostor | cop |
| 37 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 impostor | det |
| 38 | impostor | impostor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 angry | conj |
| 39 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 44 son | punct |
| 40 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 44 son | nsubj |
| 41 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 son | cop |
| 42 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 44 son | advmod |
| 43 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 son | nmod:poss |
| 44 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 angry | parataxis |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 help | punct |
| 46 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 55 help | cc |
| 47 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 52 boy | mark |
| 48 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 52 boy | nsubj |
| 49 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 boy | cop |
| 50 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 52 boy | det |
| 51 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 boy | amod |
| 52 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 help | nsubj |
| 53 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 55 help | nsubj |
| 54 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 55 help | aux |
| 55 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 son | parataxis |
| 56 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 55 help | obj |
| 57 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 58 little | det |
| 58 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 help | obj |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 put | cc |
| 60 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 61 put | advmod |
| 61 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 55 help | conj |
| 62 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 61 put | obj |
| 63 | in | in | ADP | _ | 64 prison | case |
| 64 | prison | prison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 put | obl |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 angry | punct |
| 66 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 angry | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Tu Mr. | then | angry property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | be | Tu Mr. not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | strike | gerund | Tu not said here | the boy | with Tu's riding whip | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent boy=Patient with whip=Instrument | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | Tu | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | throw | past | Tu | some silver | boy | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Destination silver=Theme | |||
| 6 | get in a quote | infinitive | Tu not said here | you | gone property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus | |||
| 7 | is a in a quote | present | you | a impostor | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | not is a in a quote | present | you | my son | my nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 9 | is a in a quote | present | you | a poor boy | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | help in a quote | future | a poor boy | you | I nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 11 | not put in a quote | infinitive | a poor boy not said here | you | prison | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent you=Theme in prison=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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