Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 2, sentence 86
I have been observing you for days though you did not know it, and I was certain that you could not be a guilty man.
Who acts: I, you · What happens: observe, not know, be, not be · To what, where: you, name, guilty man
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 observing | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 observing | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 observing | aux |
| 4 | observing | observe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 observing | obj |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 days | case |
| 7 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 observing | obl |
| 8 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 12 know | mark |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 know | nsubj |
| 10 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 know | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 know | advmod |
| 12 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 observing | advcl |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 know | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 certain | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 certain | cc |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 certain | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 certain | cop |
| 18 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 observing | conj |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 man | mark |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 man | nsubj |
| 21 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 man | aux |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 man | advmod |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 man | cop |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 man | det |
| 25 | guilty | guilty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 man | amod |
| 26 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 certain | advcl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 observing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | observe | present · perfect · progressive | I | you | day | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent you=Topic | |||
| 2 | not know | past · do-support | you | name | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | is | past | I | certain property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not is a | could | you | a guilty man | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/18/86/