Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 4, sentence 29
As she said this the tears came; all the years of loneliness and sadness swept over her; she could not accept comforts from him who had been untrue to her, or from the one who had her place.
Who acts: sage, tears, years, one · What happens: say, come, sweep, not accept, be, have · To what, where: this, comforts, sage, place · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sage, tears, years, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 said | mark |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 swept | advcl |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 said | obj |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tears | det |
| 6 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 came | nsubj |
| 7 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 years | det:predet |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 years | det |
| 11 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 swept | nsubj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 loneliness | case |
| 13 | loneliness | loneliness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 years | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 sadness | cc |
| 15 | sadness | sadness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 loneliness | conj |
| 16 | swept | sweep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | over | over | ADP | _ | 18 her | case |
| 18 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 swept | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 accept | punct |
| 20 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 accept | nsubj |
| 21 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 accept | aux |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 accept | advmod |
| 23 | accept | accept | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 swept | conj |
| 24 | comforts | comfort | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 accept | obj |
| 25 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 him | case |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 accept | obl |
| 27 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 untrue | nsubj |
| 28 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 untrue | aux |
| 29 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 30 untrue | cop |
| 30 | untrue | untrue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 accept | parataxis |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 her | case |
| 32 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 untrue | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 one | punct |
| 34 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 37 one | cc |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 one | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 one | det |
| 37 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 untrue | conj |
| 38 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 had | nsubj |
| 39 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 one | acl:relcl |
| 40 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 place | nmod:poss |
| 41 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 had | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 swept | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | sage | this | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | come | past | the tears | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | sweep | past | all years of loneliness and sadness | over sage | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over she=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | not accept | could | sage | comforts | from boy | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent comfort=Theme from he=Source | |||
| 5 | is | past · perfect | sage | who nsubj; the one conj; untrue property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | have | past | the one | sage's place | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/20/29/