Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 4, sentence 64
There are officials—yes, great ones—who are traitors to the good of their country; these we must put down and give men of ability a chance.”
Who acts: officials, great ones, these · What happens: be, put down, give · To what, where: traitors, chance, men
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (officials, great ones, these), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 are | expl |
| 2 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | officials | official | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 are | nsubj |
| 4 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 ones | punct |
| 5 | yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 8 ones | discourse |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 ones | punct |
| 7 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 ones | amod |
| 8 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 officials | conj |
| 9 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 traitors | punct |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 traitors | nsubj |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 traitors | cop |
| 12 | traitors | traitor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 ones | appos |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 good | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 good | det |
| 15 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 traitors | amod |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 country | case |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 country | nmod:poss |
| 18 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 good | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 put | punct |
| 20 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 23 put | nsubj |
| 21 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 put | nsubj |
| 22 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 put | aux |
| 23 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 are | parataxis |
| 24 | down | down | ADP | _ | 23 put | compound:prt |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 give | cc |
| 26 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 put | conj |
| 27 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 give | obj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 ability | case |
| 29 | ability | ability | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 men | nmod |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 chance | det |
| 31 | chance | chance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 give | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 are | punct |
| 33 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 are | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | officials and great ones | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | great ones | traitors | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | put down | must | these | we nsubj | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | give | present | these not said here | a chance | men of ability | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent man=Recipient chance=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/20/64/