Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Nellie N. Russell, sentence 46
The help of young men, who taught the boys carpentry and other kinds of manual work, was secured, and they were encouraged to seek other vocations than those of newspaper venders and boot-blacks.
Who acts: young men, carpentry · What happens: teach, secure, encourage, seek, help · To what, where: boys carpentry, help, carpentry, other vocations, young men
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Nellie N. Russell. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young men, carpentry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 help | det |
| 2 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 secured | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 men | case |
| 4 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 men | amod |
| 5 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 help | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 taught | punct |
| 7 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 taught | nsubj |
| 8 | taught | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 men | acl:relcl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 carpentry | det |
| 10 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 carpentry | compound |
| 11 | carpentry | carpentry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 taught | obj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 kinds | cc |
| 13 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 kinds | amod |
| 14 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 carpentry | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 work | case |
| 16 | manual | manual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 work | amod |
| 17 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 kinds | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 help | punct |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 secured | aux:pass |
| 20 | secured | secure | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 encouraged | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 encouraged | cc |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 encouraged | nsubj |
| 24 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 encouraged | aux:pass |
| 25 | encouraged | encourage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 secured | parataxis |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 seek | mark |
| 27 | seek | seek | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 encouraged | xcomp |
| 28 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 vocations | amod |
| 29 | vocations | vocation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 seek | obj |
| 30 | than | than | ADP | _ | 31 those | case |
| 31 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 27 seek | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 venders | case |
| 33 | newspaper | newspaper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 venders | compound |
| 34 | venders | vender | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 those | nmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 blacks | cc |
| 36 | boot | boot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 blacks | compound |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 boot | punct |
| 38 | blacks | black | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 venders | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 secured | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | teach speech: other | past | young men | the boys carpentry and other kinds of manual work | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent carpentry=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | secure | past · passive | the help of young men | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | encourage | past · passive | carpentry | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP how S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | seek not said to happen | to-infinitive | carpentry not said here | other vocations | than those of newspaper venders and boot blacks | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vocation=Theme | |||
| 5 | help | young men | nom help «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/3/46/