Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Nellie N. Russell, sentence 99
Even foreign candles gave so much clearer light than the smoky open lamps, filled with the native bean or cottonseed oil, that her room seemed brilliantly illuminated even though she had only a tiny lamp or a candle on its table.
Who acts: foreign candles, Russell · What happens: give, fill, illuminate, lamp · To what, where: clearer light, smoky open lamps, room, table
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Nellie N. Russell. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foreign candles, Russell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Even | even | ADV | _ | 3 candles | advmod |
| 2 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 candles | amod |
| 3 | candles | candle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 gave | nsubj |
| 4 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 much | advmod |
| 6 | much | much | ADV | _ | 7 clearer | advmod |
| 7 | clearer | clear | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 8 light | amod |
| 8 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | obj |
| 9 | than | than | ADP | _ | 13 lamps | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 lamps | det |
| 11 | smoky | smoky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 lamps | amod |
| 12 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 lamps | amod |
| 13 | lamps | lamp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 gave | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 filled | punct |
| 15 | filled | fill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 lamps | acl |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 bean | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 bean | det |
| 18 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 bean | amod |
| 19 | bean | bean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 filled | obl |
| 20 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 22 oil | cc |
| 21 | cottonseed | cottonseed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 oil | compound |
| 22 | oil | oil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 bean | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 illuminated | punct |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 illuminated | mark |
| 25 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 room | nmod:poss |
| 26 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 illuminated | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 illuminated | aux |
| 28 | brilliantly | brilliantly | ADV | _ | 29 illuminated | advmod |
| 29 | illuminated | illuminate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 gave | conj |
| 30 | even | even | ADV | _ | 37 lamp | advmod |
| 31 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 37 lamp | mark |
| 32 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 lamp | nsubj |
| 33 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 lamp | aux |
| 34 | only | only | ADV | _ | 37 lamp | advmod |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 lamp | det |
| 36 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 lamp | amod |
| 37 | lamp | lamp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 illuminated | obl |
| 38 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 40 candle | cc |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 candle | det |
| 40 | candle | candle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 lamp | conj |
| 41 | on | on | ADP | _ | 43 table | case |
| 42 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 table | nmod:poss |
| 43 | table | table | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 illuminated | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | foreign candles | clearer light | than the smoky open lamps | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme | |||
| 2 | fill | participle | the smoky open lamps not said here | with the native bean or cottonseed oil | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with bean=Instrument | ||||
| 3 | illuminate | past · passive | Russell's room | lamp's table | brilliantly property | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination | |||
| 4 | lamp | past | Russell | a candle conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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