Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Tartar Joan of Arc, sentence 37
For thirty years she led them in many victorious battles and recovered much territory which had been lost by the northern kingdom in previous years.
Who acts: stronghold, northern kingdom · What happens: lead, recover, lose · To what, where: papers, many victorious battles, much territory
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Tartar Joan of Arc. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stronghold, northern kingdom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 years | case |
| 2 | thirty | thirty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 years | nummod |
| 3 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 led | obl |
| 4 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 led | nsubj |
| 5 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 led | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 battles | case |
| 8 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 battles | amod |
| 9 | victorious | victorious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 battles | amod |
| 10 | battles | battle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 led | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 recovered | cc |
| 12 | recovered | recover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 led | conj |
| 13 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 territory | amod |
| 14 | territory | territory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 recovered | obj |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 lost | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 lost | aux |
| 17 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 18 lost | aux:pass |
| 18 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 territory | acl:relcl |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 kingdom | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 kingdom | det |
| 21 | northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 kingdom | amod |
| 22 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lost | obl |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 years | case |
| 24 | previous | previous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 years | amod |
| 25 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 lost | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 led | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | past | stronghold | papers = paper | many victorious battles | year | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in battle=Destination | ||
| 2 | recover | past | stronghold not said here | much territory | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent territory=Theme | ||||
| 3 | lose | past · perfect · passive | the northern kingdom | much territory | year | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/6/37/