Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Daughter of the Orient, sentence 28
She told him how good and kind her father was; that every one loved him; he had never made a mistake before, and indeed the thing for which he was to be punished had been much exaggerated.
Who acts: Glory, father, one, Emperor · What happens: tell, be, love, not make, punish, exaggerate · To what, where: Emperor, mistake, thing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Daughter of the Orient. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Glory, father, one, Emperor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | iobj |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 good | advmod |
| 5 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 told | ccomp |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 kind | cc |
| 7 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 good | conj |
| 8 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 father | nmod:poss |
| 9 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 good | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 good | cop |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 loved | punct |
| 12 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 14 one | det |
| 13 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 one | det |
| 14 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 loved | nsubj |
| 15 | loved | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 told | parataxis |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 loved | obj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 made | punct |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 made | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 made | aux |
| 20 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 21 made | advmod |
| 21 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 loved | conj |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 mistake | det |
| 23 | mistake | mistake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 made | obj |
| 24 | before | before | ADV | _ | 21 made | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 thing | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 thing | cc |
| 27 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 29 thing | advmod |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 thing | det |
| 29 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 exaggerated | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 which | case |
| 31 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 punished | obl |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 punished | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 punished | aux |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 punished | mark |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 punished | aux:pass |
| 36 | punished | punish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 thing | acl:relcl |
| 37 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 exaggerated | aux |
| 38 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 40 exaggerated | aux:pass |
| 39 | much | much | ADV | _ | 40 exaggerated | advmod |
| 40 | exaggerated | exaggerate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 told | parataxis |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | Glory | Emperor | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | is | past | Glory's father | good property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | Glory's father not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | love | past | that one | Emperor | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | not make | past · perfect | Emperor | a mistake | before property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Product | |||
| 6 | punish | past · passive | Emperor | for the thing | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient for which=Theme | ||||
| 7 | exaggerate | past · perfect · passive | the thing | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/7/28/