Gleanings from Chinese folklore, The Wild Goose and the Sparrow, sentence 40
As a family, you sparrows are selfish; you gossip, chatter, steal, and drive away every one else, only thinking of your own good.
Who acts: sparrows, you · What happens: be, gossip, chatter, steal, drive away, think · To what, where: selfish, one
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, The Wild Goose and the Sparrow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sparrows, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 3 family | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 family | det |
| 3 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 gossip | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 family | punct |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 gossip | nsubj |
| 6 | sparrows | sparrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 selfish | nsubj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 selfish | cop |
| 8 | selfish | selfish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 you | parataxis |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 gossip | punct |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 gossip | nsubj |
| 11 | gossip | gossip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 chatter | punct |
| 13 | chatter | chatter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 gossip | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 steal | punct |
| 15 | steal | steal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 chatter | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 drive | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 drive | cc |
| 18 | drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 gossip | parataxis |
| 19 | away | away | ADV | _ | 18 drive | advmod |
| 20 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 one | det |
| 21 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 drive | xcomp |
| 22 | else | else | ADV | _ | 21 one | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 thinking | punct |
| 24 | only | only | ADV | _ | 25 thinking | advmod |
| 25 | thinking | think | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 drive | advcl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 good | case |
| 27 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 good | nmod:poss |
| 28 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 good | amod |
| 29 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 thinking | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 gossip | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | sparrows | selfish | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | gossip speech: other | present | you | as a family | vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | chatter | infinitive | you not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | steal | infinitive | you not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | drive away | infinitive | every one | away property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | think speech: other | gerund | of your own good | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/8/40/