Gleanings from Chinese folklore, The Wild Goose and the Sparrow, sentence 7
One day, while Kung Yeh Chang was resting in his pavilion, a small house-sparrow lit in a tree near-by and commenced singing and chattering.
Who acts: Kung · What happens: rest, lit, commence, sing, chatter · To what, where: One day, pavilion, small house sparrow, tree
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, The Wild Goose and the Sparrow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kung), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 day | nummod |
| 2 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 resting | punct |
| 4 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 9 resting | mark |
| 5 | Kung | Kung | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 resting | nsubj |
| 6 | Yeh | Yeh | PROPN | _ | 5 Kung | flat |
| 7 | Chang | Chang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Kung | flat |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 resting | aux |
| 9 | resting | rest | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 day | acl:relcl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 pavilion | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 pavilion | nmod:poss |
| 12 | pavilion | pavilion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 resting | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 sparrow | punct |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 sparrow | det |
| 15 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 sparrow | amod |
| 16 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 sparrow | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 house | punct |
| 18 | sparrow | sparrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 pavilion | appos |
| 19 | lit | lit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 sparrow | acl |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 tree | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 tree | det |
| 22 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lit | obl |
| 23 | near | near | ADP | _ | 19 lit | obl:agent |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 near | punct |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 near | fixed |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 commenced | cc |
| 27 | commenced | commence | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 resting | conj |
| 28 | singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 commenced | advcl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 chattering | cc |
| 30 | chattering | chatter | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 singing | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 day | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rest | past · progressive | Kung | One day not said here | Kung's pavilion | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent day=Theme in pavilion=Location | |||
| 2 | lit | participle | a small house sparrow not said here | a tree | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | commence | past | Kung not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | sing speech: express | gerund | Kung not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | chatter | gerund | Kung not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/8/7/