Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 13
Finding a long stick, he began filling the hole with earth.
Who acts: Han · What happens: find, begin, fill · To what, where: long stick, hole
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Han), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Finding | find | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 began | advcl |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 stick | det |
| 3 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 stick | amod |
| 4 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Finding | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Finding | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 began | nsubj |
| 7 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | filling | fill | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 began | xcomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 hole | det |
| 10 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 filling | obj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 earth | case |
| 12 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 hole | nmod |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | gerund | Han not said here | a long stick | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stick=Topic | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | Han | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | fill | gerund | Han not said here | the hole | with earth | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hole=Patient with earth=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/9/13/