Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 36
“But you have made an enemy of him,” they urged, “and if you do not use him, you should kill him.
Who acts: you, teachers · What happens: make, urge, not use, kill · To what, where: enemy, prince · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, teachers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 made | punct |
| 2 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 made | cc |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 made | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 made | aux |
| 5 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 urged | parataxis |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 enemy | det |
| 7 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 made | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 him | case |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 enemy | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 made | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 made | punct |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 urged | nsubj |
| 13 | urged | urge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 kill | punct |
| 15 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 kill | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 kill | cc |
| 17 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 21 use | mark |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 use | nsubj |
| 19 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 use | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 use | advmod |
| 21 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 kill | advcl |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 use | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 use | punct |
| 24 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 kill | nsubj |
| 25 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 kill | aux |
| 26 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 urged | ccomp |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 kill | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 urged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make in a quote | present · perfect | you | a enemy of prince | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Product | ||||
| 2 | urge | past | teachers = teacher | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not use a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present · do-support | you | prince | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | ||||
| 4 | kill in a quote | should | you | prince | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/9/36/