Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 68
Han Hsin sent out his spies, disguised as countrymen, and learned the condition of things.
Who acts: Han · What happens: send out, disguise, learn, condition · To what, where: spies, condition, things
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Han), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Han | Han | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 sent | nsubj |
| 2 | Hsin | Hsin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Han | flat |
| 3 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 sent | compound:prt |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 spies | nmod:poss |
| 6 | spies | spy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sent | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 disguised | punct |
| 8 | disguised | disguise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 spies | acl |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 10 countrymen | case |
| 10 | countrymen | countryman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 disguised | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 learned | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 learned | cc |
| 13 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sent | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 condition | det |
| 15 | condition | condition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 learned | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 things | case |
| 17 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 condition | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send out | past | Han | Han's spies | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spy=Theme | ||||
| 2 | disguise | participle | Han's spies not said here | as countrymen | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | learn | past | Han not said here | the condition of things | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent condition=Topic | ||||
| 4 | condition | things | nom condition «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/9/68/