Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 72
During the night, however, Han Hsin ordered an advance, and, using the bags to make a series of steps, his army went quickly up and over to the other side, to the rear of Chin Pa’s army.
Who acts: Han, army · What happens: order, use, make, go · To what, where: advance, bags, series, other side
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Han, army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | During | during | ADP | _ | 3 night | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 night | det |
| 3 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ordered | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 night | punct |
| 5 | however | however | ADV | _ | 9 ordered | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 however | punct |
| 7 | Han | Han | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 ordered | nsubj |
| 8 | Hsin | Hsin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Han | flat |
| 9 | ordered | order | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 advance | det |
| 11 | advance | advance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ordered | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 using | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 using | cc |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 using | punct |
| 15 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 ordered | advcl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 bags | det |
| 17 | bags | bag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 using | obj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 make | mark |
| 19 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 using | advcl |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 series | det |
| 21 | series | series | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 make | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 steps | case |
| 23 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 series | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 went | punct |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 army | nmod:poss |
| 26 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 went | nsubj |
| 27 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 ordered | conj |
| 28 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 29 up | advmod |
| 29 | up | up | ADV | _ | 27 went | advmod |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 over | cc |
| 31 | over | over | ADV | _ | 29 up | conj |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 side | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 side | det |
| 34 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 side | amod |
| 35 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 went | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 rear | punct |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 rear | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 rear | det |
| 39 | rear | rear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 went | obl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 army | case |
| 41 | Chin | Chin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Pa | compound |
| 42 | Pa | Pa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 army | nmod:poss |
| 43 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 42 Pa | case |
| 44 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 rear | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 ordered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | order | past | Han | a advance | night | however property | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advance=Theme | ||
| 2 | use | gerund | Han not said here | the bags | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Patient | ||||
| 3 | make | to-infinitive | Han not said here | a series of steps | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset series=Product | ||||
| 4 | go | past | Han's army | the other side | to the rear of Chin Pa's army | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to side=Initial_Location to rear=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/9/72/