Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 91
When urged to kill his old enemy he said, “No, let him go, for he will kill himself, and that will be better.”
Who acts: Han, that · What happens: urge, kill, say, let, go, be · To what, where: old enemy, Han · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Han, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 2 urged | advmod |
| 2 | urged | urge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 kill | advcl |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 kill | mark |
| 4 | kill | kill | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 enemy | nmod:poss |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 enemy | amod |
| 7 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 kill | obj |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 said | nsubj |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 enemy | acl:relcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 let | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 let | punct |
| 12 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 14 let | discourse |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 No | punct |
| 14 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | ccomp |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 let | obj |
| 16 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 let | xcomp |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 kill | punct |
| 18 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 21 kill | mark |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 kill | nsubj |
| 20 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 kill | aux |
| 21 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 let | conj |
| 22 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 21 kill | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 better | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 better | cc |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 28 better | nsubj |
| 26 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 better | aux |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 better | cop |
| 28 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 kill | parataxis |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 kill | punct |
| 30 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 kill | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | urge | participle | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | kill | to-infinitive | Han's old enemy | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Han | Han's old enemy not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | let in a quote | infinitive | Han | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | go in a quote | infinitive | Han not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | kill in a quote | future | Han | Han | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme | ||||
| 7 | is in a quote | future | that | good property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/9/91/