Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Opening, sentence 22
What really happened was that it was attacked, probably for the sake of plundering the baggage, by a gathering of mountaineers, who are called Gascons by the chroniclers, but were, in fact, Basques.
Who acts: sake, chroniclers · What happens: happen, attack, plunder, call, be · To what, where: baggage, mountaineers, fact · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sake, chroniclers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 8 attacked | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | really | really | ADV | _ | 3 happened | advmod |
| 3 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | acl:relcl |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 attacked | aux:pass |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 attacked | mark |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 attacked | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 attacked | aux:pass |
| 8 | attacked | attack | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 sake | punct |
| 10 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 13 sake | advmod |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 sake | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 sake | det |
| 13 | sake | sake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 attacked | conj |
| 14 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 15 plundering | mark |
| 15 | plundering | plunder | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 sake | acl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 baggage | det |
| 17 | baggage | baggage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 plundering | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 gathering | punct |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 gathering | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 gathering | det |
| 21 | gathering | gathering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 plundering | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 mountaineers | case |
| 23 | mountaineers | mountaineer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 gathering | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 called | punct |
| 25 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 called | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 called | aux:pass |
| 27 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 mountaineers | acl |
| 28 | Gascons | gascon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 called | xcomp |
| 29 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 chroniclers | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 chroniclers | det |
| 31 | chroniclers | chronicler | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 called | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 fact | punct |
| 33 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 37 fact | cc |
| 34 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 fact | cop |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 fact | punct |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 fact | case |
| 37 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 attacked | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 Basques | punct |
| 39 | Basques | basque | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 fact | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 attacked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | attack | past · passive | What nsubj:pass; rearguard nsubj:pass; the sake conj | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | plunder | gerund | the sake not said here | the baggage | by a gathering of mountaineers | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baggage=Source | |||
| 4 | call | present · passive | the chroniclers | mountaineers | Gascons xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient | |||
| 5 | is | past | fact and Basques | Basques conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/1/22/