Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of What Befell At Montalban, sentence 6
When Richard heard this he gnashed his teeth for anger, saying, "All this comes of the hatred that the King bears to us and to our kindred.
Who acts: Richard, this · What happens: hear, gnash, say, come · To what, where: this, teeth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of What Befell At Montalban. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Richard, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Richard | Richard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 gnashed | advcl |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 heard | obj |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 gnashed | nsubj |
| 6 | gnashed | gnash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 8 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 gnashed | obj |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 anger | case |
| 10 | anger | anger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gnashed | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 saying | punct |
| 12 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 gnashed | advcl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 comes | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 comes | punct |
| 15 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 this | det:predet |
| 16 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 comes | nsubj |
| 17 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 saying | ccomp |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 hatred | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 hatred | det |
| 20 | hatred | hatred | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 comes | obl |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 kindred | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 bears | det |
| 23 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 bears | compound |
| 24 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 kindred | nsubj |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 us | case |
| 26 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 bears | nmod |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 kindred | cc |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 kindred | case |
| 29 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 kindred | nmod:poss |
| 30 | kindred | kindred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 hatred | acl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 gnashed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Richard | this | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | gnash | past | Richard | Richard's teeth | for anger | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | Richard not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | come in a quote | present | this | of the hatred | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of hatred=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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