Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of What Befell At Montalban, sentence 63
When Richard heard the boy speak so wisely he took him in his arms and kissed him, weeping the while, and said to Reynaud, "Let my horse be killed and given for meat to the Lady Clare and to the young boys my nephews, and to others that have need."
Who acts: Richard, horse, that · What happens: hear, speak, take, kiss, weep, say · To what, where: boy, arms, Richard, Reynaud, horse, need · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of What Befell At Montalban. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Richard, horse, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Richard | Richard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 speak | advcl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 boy | det |
| 5 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | obj |
| 6 | speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 wisely | advmod |
| 8 | wisely | wisely | ADV | _ | 10 took | advmod |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 took | nsubj |
| 10 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 speak | ccomp |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 took | obj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 arms | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 arms | nmod:poss |
| 14 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 took | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 kissed | cc |
| 16 | kissed | kiss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 took | conj |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 kissed | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 weeping | punct |
| 19 | weeping | weep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 kissed | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 while | det |
| 21 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 weeping | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 said | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 said | cc |
| 24 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 took | conj |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 Reynaud | case |
| 26 | Reynaud | Reynaud | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 said | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Let | punct |
| 28 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 Let | punct |
| 29 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 said | ccomp |
| 30 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 horse | nmod:poss |
| 31 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 Let | obj |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 killed | aux:pass |
| 33 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 Let | xcomp |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 given | cc |
| 35 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 killed | conj |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 meat | case |
| 37 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 given | obl |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 Clare | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 Clare | det |
| 40 | Lady | Lady | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Clare | compound |
| 41 | Clare | Clare | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 meat | nmod |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 boys | cc |
| 43 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 boys | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 boys | det |
| 45 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 boys | amod |
| 46 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 Clare | conj |
| 47 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 nephews | nmod:poss |
| 48 | nephews | nephew | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 boys | conj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 have | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 have | cc |
| 51 | to | to | ADP | _ | 52 others | case |
| 52 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 have | obl |
| 53 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 54 have | nsubj |
| 54 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 took | parataxis |
| 55 | need | need | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 have | obj |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 speak | punct |
| 57 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 speak | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Richard | the boy | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer boy=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | present | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | take | past | Richard | boy | Richard's arms | wisely property | tree rules | ||
| 4 | kiss | past | Richard not said here | Richard | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | weep | gerund | Richard not said here | while | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | say speech: assert | past | Richard not said here | Reynaud | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to reynaud=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 7 | let in a quote | infinitive | my horse | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | kill in a quote | infinitive · passive | my horse not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | |||||
| 9 | give in a quote | participle | my horse not said here | for meat to the Lady Clare and the young boys and my nephews | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent for meat=Asset | ||||
| 10 | have in a quote | present | that | need | to others | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent need=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/11/63/