Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of What Befell At Montalban, sentence 8
But the others held him back, and they reasoned with him till he had promised to do no hurt to the King.
Who acts: others, Richard · What happens: hold back, reason, promise, do · To what, where: Richard, hurt
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of What Befell At Montalban. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (others, Richard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 held | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 others | det |
| 3 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 held | nsubj |
| 4 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 held | obj |
| 6 | back | back | ADV | _ | 4 held | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 reasoned | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 reasoned | cc |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 reasoned | nsubj |
| 10 | reasoned | reason | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 held | conj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 him | case |
| 12 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 reasoned | obl |
| 13 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 16 promised | mark |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 promised | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 promised | aux |
| 16 | promised | promise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 reasoned | ccomp |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 do | mark |
| 18 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 promised | xcomp |
| 19 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 20 hurt | det |
| 20 | hurt | hurt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 do | obj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 King | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 King | det |
| 23 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 do | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold back | past | the others | Richard | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 2 | reason | past | others = other | with Richard | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | promise speech: promise | past · perfect | Richard | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | do not said to happen | to-infinitive | Richard not said here | no hurt | to the King | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hurt=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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