Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Peace Was Made, sentence 40
When Roland saw how his uncle fought in the very front of the battle, he was greatly afraid lest some mischance should befall him.
Who acts: Roland, uncle, King, mischance · What happens: see, fight, be, befall · To what, where: front, King · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Peace Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, uncle, King, mischance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 saw | advmod |
| 2 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 afraid | advcl |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 fought | advmod |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 uncle | nmod:poss |
| 6 | uncle | uncle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 fought | nsubj |
| 7 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 saw | ccomp |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 front | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 front | det |
| 10 | very | very | ADV | _ | 11 front | advmod |
| 11 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 fought | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 battle | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 battle | det |
| 14 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 front | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 saw | punct |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 afraid | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 afraid | cop |
| 18 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 19 afraid | advmod |
| 19 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 20 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 24 befall | mark |
| 21 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 22 mischance | det |
| 22 | mischance | mischance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 befall | nsubj |
| 23 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 befall | aux |
| 24 | befall | befall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 afraid | ccomp |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 befall | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 afraid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Roland | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | fight | past | King's uncle | the front of the battle | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | past | King | afraid, greatly property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | befall | should | some mischance | King | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/12/40/