Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Went to Court, sentence 1
The next day, Ralph, having thought much on what he had undertaken, loaded his mare, as he was wont to do, with two panniers full of coals, and made ready to start on his journey to the court. "
Who acts: Ralph, next day · What happens: have, undertake, load, be, do, make · To what, where: Ralph, mare, two panniers, journey
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Went to Court. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ralph, next day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 day | det |
| 2 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 day | amod |
| 3 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 loaded | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Ralph | punct |
| 5 | Ralph | Ralph | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 day | appos |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 having | punct |
| 7 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 Ralph | acl |
| 8 | thought | thought | ADV | _ | 9 much | advmod |
| 9 | much | much | ADV | _ | 7 having | advmod |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 what | case |
| 11 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 having | obl |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 undertaken | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 undertaken | aux |
| 14 | undertaken | undertake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 what | acl:relcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 day | punct |
| 16 | loaded | load | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 mare | nmod:poss |
| 18 | mare | mare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 loaded | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 wont | punct |
| 20 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 23 wont | mark |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 wont | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 wont | cop |
| 23 | wont | wont | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 loaded | conj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 do | mark |
| 25 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 wont | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 panniers | punct |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 panniers | case |
| 28 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 panniers | nummod |
| 29 | panniers | pannier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 do | obj |
| 30 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 panniers | amod |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 coals | case |
| 32 | coals | coal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 full | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 made | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 made | cc |
| 35 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 loaded | parataxis |
| 36 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 made | xcomp |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 start | mark |
| 38 | start | start | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 ready | xcomp |
| 39 | on | on | ADP | _ | 41 journey | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 journey | nmod:poss |
| 41 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 start | obl |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 court | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 court | det |
| 44 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 journey | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 36 ready | punct |
| 46 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 35 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | gerund | Ralph not said here | Ralph | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | undertake | past · perfect | Ralph | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | load | past | the next day | Ralph's mare | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent mare=Destination | ||||
| 4 | is | past | Ralph | wont property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | do | to-infinitive | Ralph not said here | two panniers | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pannier=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | make | past | ready property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 7 | start | to-infinitive | Ralph's journey to the court | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 8 | journey | Ralph | to the court | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent to=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/15/1/