Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Went to Court, sentence 38
He," said Roland, "was but a churl that had with him two panniers of coal." "
Who acts: King, Roland, churl · What happens: say, be, have · To what, where: churl, two panniers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Went to Court. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Roland, churl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 said | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 He | punct |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 1 He | punct |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 churl | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Roland | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 Roland | punct |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 churl | cop |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 churl | cc |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 churl | det |
| 11 | churl | churl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | ccomp |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 had | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 churl | acl:relcl |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 him | case |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 had | obl |
| 16 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 panniers | nummod |
| 17 | panniers | pannier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 had | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 coal | case |
| 19 | coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 panniers | nmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 churl | punct |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 churl | punct |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | King | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | past | Roland | a churl | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have | past | a churl | two panniers of coal | with King | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pannier=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/15/38/