Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Went to Court, sentence 43

Said the porter, "There is one at the gate, a churl that has a mare and two panniers of coals, and he clamours to be let in at the gate." "

Who acts: porter, churl · What happens: say, be, have, clamour, let in · To what, where: one, gate, mare · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Went to Court. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (porter, churl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 porter	det
3	porter	porter	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Said	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 one	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 one	punct
6	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	8 one	expl
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 one	cop
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	1 Said	ccomp
9	at	at	ADP	_	11 gate	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 gate	det
11	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 one	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 churl	punct
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 churl	det
14	churl	churl	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 one	appos
15	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 has	nsubj
16	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 churl	acl:relcl
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 mare	det
18	mare	mare	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 has	obj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 panniers	cc
20	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 panniers	nummod
21	panniers	pannier	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 mare	conj
22	of	of	ADP	_	23 coals	case
23	coals	coal	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 panniers	nmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 clamours	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 clamours	cc
26	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 clamours	nsubj
27	clamours	clamour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Said	parataxis
28	to	to	PART	_	30 let	mark
29	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	30 let	aux:pass
30	let	let	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	27 clamours	advcl
31	in	in	ADP	_	30 let	compound:prt
32	at	at	ADP	_	34 gate	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 gate	det
34	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 let	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	27 clamours	punct
36	"	"	PUNCT	_	27 clamours	punct
37	"	"	PUNCT	_	27 clamours	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the porter				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is a in a quote	present		one	the gate; there	a churl appos	tree rules
3	have in a quote	present	a churl	a mare and two panniers of coals			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mare=Patient
4	clamour in a quote	present	porter				tree rules
5	let in in a quote	to-infinitive · passive	porter not said here		the gate		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: at gate=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Went to Court, sentence 43

The tree

Pragmatics

Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Went to Court, sentence 43