Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Went to Court, sentence 78
What is this churl," said they, "that he should so misuse the King?"
Who acts: lords, man · What happens: be, say, misuse · To what, where: churl, King · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Went to Court. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lords, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 churl | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 churl | cop |
| 3 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 churl | det |
| 4 | churl | churl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 said | ccomp |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 churl | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 churl | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 misuse | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 misuse | punct |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 misuse | mark |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 misuse | nsubj |
| 13 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 misuse | aux |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 misuse | advmod |
| 15 | misuse | misuse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 said | ccomp |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 King | det |
| 17 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 misuse | obj |
| 18 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 15 misuse | punct |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 misuse | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | this churl | What nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | lords = lord | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | misuse | should | man | the King | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/15/78/