Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Fierabras Defied King Charles, sentence 51
And Oliver leapt lightly into the saddle without so much as touching it, and put his shield into place, and took a spear very long and sharply pointed.
Who acts: Oliver · What happens: leapt, touch, put, take · To what, where: saddle, shield, place, spear
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fierabras Defied King Charles. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oliver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 leapt | cc |
| 2 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 leapt | nsubj |
| 3 | leapt | leapt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | lightly | lightly | ADV | _ | 3 leapt | advmod |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 saddle | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 saddle | det |
| 7 | saddle | saddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leapt | obl |
| 8 | without | without | ADP | _ | 10 much | case |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 much | advmod |
| 10 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 leapt | obl |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 12 touching | mark |
| 12 | touching | touch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 much | advcl |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 touching | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 put | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 put | cc |
| 16 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 leapt | conj |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 shield | nmod:poss |
| 18 | shield | shield | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 put | obj |
| 19 | into | into | ADP | _ | 20 place | case |
| 20 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 put | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 took | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 took | cc |
| 23 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 put | parataxis |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 spear | det |
| 25 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 took | obj |
| 26 | very | very | ADV | _ | 27 long | advmod |
| 27 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 took | advcl |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 pointed | cc |
| 29 | sharply | sharply | ADV | _ | 30 pointed | advmod |
| 30 | pointed | pointed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 long | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 leapt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leapt | present | Oliver | the saddle | without much; lightly property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | touch | gerund | Oliver not said here | saddle | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme | ||||
| 3 | put | infinitive | Oliver not said here | Garin's shield | place | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent shield=Goal | |||
| 4 | take | past | a spear | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spear=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/16/51/