Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Fierabras Defied King Charles, sentence 64
Then Ganelon, who was afterwards the traitor, rose up in his place and said, "Sir, this is against the custom of France that you should deny Oliver his request."
Who acts: Ganelon, Sir, this, that · What happens: be, rise up, say, deny, request · To what, where: traitor, place, Oliver · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fierabras Defied King Charles. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ganelon, Sir, this, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 rose | advmod |
| 2 | Ganelon | Ganelon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 rose | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 traitor | punct |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 traitor | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 traitor | cop |
| 6 | afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 8 traitor | advmod |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 traitor | det |
| 8 | traitor | traitor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Ganelon | appos |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ganelon | punct |
| 10 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 rose | compound:prt |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 place | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 place | nmod:poss |
| 14 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 rose | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 said | cc |
| 16 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 rose | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Sir | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 Sir | punct |
| 19 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 said | nsubj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 custom | punct |
| 21 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 custom | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 custom | cop |
| 23 | against | against | ADP | _ | 25 custom | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 custom | det |
| 25 | custom | custom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Sir | appos |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 France | case |
| 27 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 custom | nmod |
| 28 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 deny | nsubj |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 31 deny | nsubj |
| 30 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 deny | aux |
| 31 | deny | deny | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 custom | parataxis |
| 32 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 deny | obj |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 request | nmod:poss |
| 34 | request | request | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 deny | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 rose | punct |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 rose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Ganelon | the traitor | afterwards property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | rise up | past | Ganelon | Ganelon's place | then | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Sir | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | this | against the custom; of France | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | deny in a quote | should | that | Oliver | you nsubj; Ganelon's request obj | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent oliver=Theme request=Eventuality | |||
| 6 | request in a quote | Ganelon | nom request «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/16/64/