Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Fierabras Defied King Charles, sentence 74
Then Oliver stood up and spake with a loud voice, "Sir King and all you lords of France, if I have offended any man in word or deed, I pray him to forgive me."
Who acts: Oliver, you · What happens: stand up, speak, lord, offend, pray, forgive · To what, where: Sir King, man, word, King, Oliver · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fierabras Defied King Charles. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oliver, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 stood | advmod |
| 2 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 stood | nsubj |
| 3 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 stood | compound:prt |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 spake | cc |
| 6 | spake | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 stood | conj |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 voice | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 voice | det |
| 9 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 voice | amod |
| 10 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 spake | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 King | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 King | punct |
| 13 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 King | compound |
| 14 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 spake | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 lords | cc |
| 16 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 18 lords | det |
| 17 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 lords | nsubj |
| 18 | lords | lord | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 King | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 France | case |
| 20 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 lords | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 offended | punct |
| 22 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 25 offended | mark |
| 23 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 offended | nsubj |
| 24 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 offended | aux |
| 25 | offended | offend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 spake | advcl |
| 26 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 27 man | det |
| 27 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 offended | obj |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 word | case |
| 29 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 man | nmod |
| 30 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 31 deed | cc |
| 31 | deed | deed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 man | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 pray | punct |
| 33 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 pray | nsubj |
| 34 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 stood | conj |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 pray | obj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 forgive | mark |
| 37 | forgive | forgive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 pray | advcl |
| 38 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 forgive | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stood | punct |
| 40 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand up | past | Oliver | then | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | infinitive | Oliver not said here | Sir King and all lords | with a loud voice | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with voice=Co-Agent | |||
| 3 | lord in a quote | you | of France | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | offend a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present · perfect | Oliver | any man or deed | word | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus man=Experiencer | |||
| 5 | pray in a quote | present | Oliver | King | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | forgive in a quote | to-infinitive | Oliver not said here | Oliver | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/16/74/