Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Fierabras Defied King Charles, sentence 87
When Fierabras heard him speak so fiercely, he began to laugh, and said, "You are a bold talker, but first tell me who you are, and of what rank."
Who acts: Fierabras, uncle, You · What happens: hear, speak, begin, laugh, say, be · To what, where: uncle, bold talker, me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fierabras Defied King Charles. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fierabras, uncle, You), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Fierabras | Fierabras | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 began | advcl |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 heard | obj |
| 5 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 heard | xcomp |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 7 fiercely | advmod |
| 7 | fiercely | fiercely | ADV | _ | 5 speak | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 began | nsubj |
| 10 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 laugh | mark |
| 12 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 began | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 said | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 said | cc |
| 15 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 began | parataxis |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 talker | punct |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 talker | punct |
| 18 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 22 talker | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 talker | cop |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 talker | det |
| 21 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 talker | amod |
| 22 | talker | talker | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 said | ccomp |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 tell | punct |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 tell | cc |
| 25 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 26 tell | advmod |
| 26 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 said | conj |
| 27 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 tell | iobj |
| 28 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 tell | ccomp |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 30 are | nsubj |
| 30 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 who | cop |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 what | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 what | cc |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 what | case |
| 34 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 began | parataxis |
| 35 | rank | rank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 what | nsubj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 34 what | punct |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 what | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Fierabras | uncle | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | infinitive | uncle not said here | fiercely property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | Fierabras | what rank parataxis | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | laugh | to-infinitive | Fierabras not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | is a in a quote | present | You | a bold talker | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | tell speech: assert in a quote | infinitive | me | first property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient | ||||
| 8 | is a in a quote | present | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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