Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Fierabras Defied King Charles, sentence 89
But now hear this: my lord the King has sent this message by my mouth: 'Renounce Mahomet your God, and all other idols, and believe in the true God that made heaven and earth and all that is therein.
Who acts: you, mouth, true God, that · What happens: hear, send, renounce, believe, make, be · To what, where: this, lord, Mahomet, heaven
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fierabras Defied King Charles. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, mouth, true God, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 hear | cc |
| 2 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 hear | advmod |
| 3 | hear | hear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 hear | obj |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 sent | punct |
| 6 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 lord | nmod:poss |
| 7 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 King | det |
| 9 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 lord | appos |
| 10 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 sent | aux |
| 11 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 hear | conj |
| 12 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 message | det |
| 13 | message | message | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sent | obj |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 mouth | case |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 16 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sent | obl |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 Renounce | punct |
| 18 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 19 Renounce | punct |
| 19 | Renounce | renounce | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 hear | conj |
| 20 | Mahomet | Mahomet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Renounce | obj |
| 21 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 God | nmod:poss |
| 22 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Mahomet | appos |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 idols | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 idols | cc |
| 25 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 idols | det |
| 26 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 idols | amod |
| 27 | idols | idol | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 Mahomet | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 believe | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 believe | cc |
| 30 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 19 Renounce | conj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 God | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 God | det |
| 33 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 God | amod |
| 34 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 believe | obl |
| 35 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 made | nsubj |
| 36 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 God | acl:relcl |
| 37 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 made | obj |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 earth | cc |
| 39 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 heaven | conj |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 therein | cc |
| 41 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 42 that | det:predet |
| 42 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 44 therein | nsubj |
| 43 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 therein | cop |
| 44 | therein | therein | ADV | _ | 36 made | conj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 hear | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | imperative | you not said here | this | now | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | send | present · perfect · passive | my mouth | my lord | this message obj | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent subject=Destination message=Theme | |||
| 3 | renounce | infinitive | you not said here | Mahomet and all other idols | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mahomet=Source | ||||
| 4 | believe | infinitive | you not said here | in the true God | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | make | past | the true God | heaven and earth | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heaven=Product | ||||
| 6 | is | present | that | therein property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/16/89/