Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras, sentence 20
When the men of France saw this they were in great fear lest some mischance should befall Oliver; as for the King, he hid his face in his mantle and kneeling before the crucifix embraced it, weeping the while, and crying, "O Lord, I beseech Thee keep Oliver and suffer not the Christian faith to be dishonoured by his downfall."
Who acts: men, this, mischance, kneeling, Oliver, downfall · What happens: see, be, befall, hide, kneel, embrace · To what, where: great fear, Oliver, face, mantle, crucifix, Lord · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, this, mischance, kneeling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 saw | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 men | det |
| 3 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 France | case |
| 5 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 men | nmod |
| 6 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 hid | advcl |
| 7 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 fear | nsubj |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 fear | nsubj |
| 9 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 fear | cop |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 fear | case |
| 11 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 fear | amod |
| 12 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 saw | obj |
| 13 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 17 befall | mark |
| 14 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 15 mischance | det |
| 15 | mischance | mischance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 befall | nsubj |
| 16 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 befall | aux |
| 17 | befall | befall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 fear | csubj |
| 18 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 befall | obj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 6 saw | punct |
| 20 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 King | case |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 King | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 King | det |
| 23 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 saw | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 saw | punct |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 hid | nsubj |
| 26 | hid | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 face | nmod:poss |
| 28 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 hid | obj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 mantle | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 mantle | nmod:poss |
| 31 | mantle | mantle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 hid | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 embraced | cc |
| 33 | kneeling | kneel | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 embraced | csubj |
| 34 | before | before | ADP | _ | 36 crucifix | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 crucifix | det |
| 36 | crucifix | crucifix | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 kneeling | obl |
| 37 | embraced | embrace | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 hid | conj |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 embraced | obj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 weeping | punct |
| 40 | weeping | weep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 embraced | advcl |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 while | det |
| 42 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 weeping | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 crying | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 crying | cc |
| 45 | crying | cry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 40 weeping | conj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 Lord | punct |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 Lord | punct |
| 48 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 49 Lord | discourse |
| 49 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 weeping | obl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 beseech | punct |
| 51 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 52 beseech | nsubj |
| 52 | beseech | beseech | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 hid | parataxis |
| 53 | Thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 52 beseech | obj |
| 54 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 52 beseech | xcomp |
| 55 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 keep | obj |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 suffer | cc |
| 57 | suffer | suffer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 54 keep | conj |
| 58 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 57 suffer | advmod |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 faith | det |
| 60 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 61 faith | amod |
| 61 | faith | faith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 suffer | ccomp |
| 62 | to | to | PART | _ | 64 dishonoured | mark |
| 63 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 64 dishonoured | aux:pass |
| 64 | dishonoured | dishonour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 61 faith | acl |
| 65 | by | by | ADP | _ | 67 downfall | case |
| 66 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 67 downfall | nmod:poss |
| 67 | downfall | downfall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 dishonoured | obl |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 hid | punct |
| 69 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 hid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the men of France | as the King | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as king=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | is | past | this | great fear | champions = champion nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | befall | should | some mischance | Oliver | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | hide | past | mischance | mischance's face | mischance's mantle | tree rules | |||
| 5 | kneel | gerund | the crucifix | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before crucifix=Location | |||||
| 6 | embrace | past | kneeling | face | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent | ||||
| 7 | weep | gerund | kneeling not said here | Lord | while | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 8 | cry speech: express | gerund | kneeling not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 9 | beseech in a quote | present | Oliver | Thee | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | keep in a quote | infinitive | Oliver not said here | Oliver | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oliver=Theme | ||||
| 11 | not suffer in a quote | present | Oliver not said here | the Christian faith ccomp | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 12 | dishonour in a quote | to-infinitive · passive | mischance's downfall | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/17/20/