Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras, sentence 22
The reins dropped from their hands, and they were both so astonied that they scarce knew where they were.
Who acts: reins · What happens: drop, be, scarce, know · To what, where: hands · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (reins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 reins | det |
| 2 | reins | rein | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 dropped | nsubj |
| 3 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 hands | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 hands | nmod:poss |
| 6 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 dropped | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 astonied | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 astonied | cc |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 astonied | nsubj |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 astonied | cop |
| 11 | both | both | ADV | _ | 13 astonied | advmod |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 13 astonied | advmod |
| 13 | astonied | astony | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 dropped | conj |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 scarce | mark |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 scarce | nsubj |
| 16 | scarce | scarce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 astonied | advcl |
| 17 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 scarce | ccomp |
| 18 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 20 were | advmod |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 were | nsubj |
| 20 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 knew | ccomp |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 dropped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drop | past | the reins | reins's hands | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from hand=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | is | past | reins = rein | astony, both property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | scarce | present | reins = rein | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | know | past | reins = rein not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | be | past | reins = rein | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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