Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and Others Were Taken Prisoners, sentence 3
When Oliver heard him speak and saw in what a strait he was, he had great compassion on him, and laid him under a tree, and so bound up his wounds that he staunched the bleeding.
Who acts: Oliver · What happens: hear, speak, see, have, lay, bind up · To what, where: strait, great compassion, Oliver, tree, wounds, bleeding · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and Others Were Taken Prisoners. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oliver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 had | advcl |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 speak | nsubj |
| 5 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 heard | xcomp |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 saw | cc |
| 7 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 heard | conj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 strait | case |
| 9 | what | what | DET | PronType=Int | 11 strait | det |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 strait | det |
| 11 | strait | strait | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 saw | obl |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 was | nsubj |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 strait | acl:relcl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 had | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 compassion | amod |
| 18 | compassion | compassion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 had | obj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 him | case |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 compassion | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 laid | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 laid | cc |
| 23 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 had | conj |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 laid | obj |
| 25 | under | under | ADP | _ | 27 tree | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 tree | det |
| 27 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 laid | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 bound | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 bound | cc |
| 30 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 bound | advmod |
| 31 | bound | bind | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 had | conj |
| 32 | up | up | ADP | _ | 31 bound | compound:prt |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 wounds | nmod:poss |
| 34 | wounds | wound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 bound | obj |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 staunched | mark |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 staunched | nsubj |
| 37 | staunched | staunch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 bound | advcl |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 bleeding | det |
| 39 | bleeding | bleeding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 staunched | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Oliver | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | infinitive | Oliver | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | see | past | Oliver not said here | what strait | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | have | past | Oliver | great compassion | on Fierabras | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent compassion=Patient | |||
| 5 | lay | past | Oliver not said here | Oliver | a tree | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme under tree=Destination | |||
| 6 | bind up | participle | Oliver not said here | Oliver's wounds | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wound=Patient | ||||
| 7 | staunch | past | Oliver | the bleeding | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | wound | Oliver | nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/18/3/