Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and Others Were Taken Prisoners, sentence 31
First his horse was slain under him, and though he rose again from the earth and stood upon his feet, and dealt many mighty blows, slaying many, yet he was overcome by the strength and number of the Saracens.
Who acts: done, strength · What happens: slay, rise, stand, deal, overcome · To what, where: horse, earth, feet, many mighty blows, many, done
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and Others Were Taken Prisoners. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (done, strength), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | First | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 5 slain | advmod |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 horse | nmod:poss |
| 3 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 slain | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 slain | aux:pass |
| 5 | slain | slay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | under | under | ADP | _ | 7 him | case |
| 7 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 slain | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 rose | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 rose | cc |
| 10 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 12 rose | mark |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 rose | nsubj |
| 12 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 slain | conj |
| 13 | again | again | ADV | _ | 12 rose | advmod |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 earth | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 earth | det |
| 16 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 rose | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 stood | cc |
| 18 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 rose | conj |
| 19 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 21 feet | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 feet | nmod:poss |
| 21 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 stood | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 dealt | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 dealt | cc |
| 24 | dealt | deal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 rose | conj |
| 25 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 blows | amod |
| 26 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 blows | amod |
| 27 | blows | blow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 dealt | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 slaying | punct |
| 29 | slaying | slay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 dealt | advcl |
| 30 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 slaying | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 overcome | punct |
| 32 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 35 overcome | cc |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 overcome | nsubj |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 overcome | aux:pass |
| 35 | overcome | overcome | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 slain | conj |
| 36 | by | by | ADP | _ | 38 strength | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 strength | det |
| 38 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 overcome | obl |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 number | cc |
| 40 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 strength | conj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Saracens | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 Saracens | det |
| 43 | Saracens | Saracen | PROPN | Number=Plur | 40 number | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 slain | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | slay | past · passive | done's horse | under done; first property | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | rise | past | done | the earth | again | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from earth=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | stand | past | done not said here | done's feet | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon foot=Location | ||||
| 4 | deal | past | done not said here | many mighty blows | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blow=Theme | ||||
| 5 | slay | gerund | done not said here | many | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Patient | ||||
| 6 | overcome | past · passive | the strength and number of the Saracens | done | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/18/31/